Plan for the description of the natural zone: Humid equatorial forests of South America. 1. Geographic location

Plan for the description of the natural zone: Humid equatorial forests of South America. 1. Geographic location of the zone. 2. Climatic conditions. 3. Soils. 4. Vegetation. 5. Animal world.

The humid equatorial forests of South America or selva, as they are also called, are located in the Amazon River basin (the Amazon rainforest is the largest rain forest), in the north of South America, and are common on the Atlantic coast of Brazil (Atlantic Forest). The climate is hot and humid. The temperature is kept at around 24-28 degrees. Atmospheric precipitation is at least 1500 mm. As you approach the coast, this figure increases to 10,000. Soils in the forests are red-yellow, contain aluminum and iron. The vegetation of the forest forms a complex layering. The trunks of large plants are linked by vines. Leaves have a dense surface to avoid excessive evaporation of moisture. The trunks of the trees rise up like columns. The crowns branch closer to the top, thus forming a kind of canopy. The fauna is quite diverse. Due to the lack of light, its terrestrial representatives are few. These include hippos, rhinos, etc. Most often, animals live in tree crowns. They are represented by monkeys, sloths, squirrels, etc. More than 2000 species of fish, a large number of birds (woodpeckers, parrots, takanas) and reptiles (tree snakes, iguanas, agamas) make the fauna of these tropical forests unique.