Science in the 19th century discoveries in physics, biology and medicine.

In the 19th century, the natural sciences finally spread. People began to treat scientific knowledge with more trepidation. At this time, scientists working in the field of medicine, biology, and chemistry made their discoveries. Ilya Mechnikov dealt with issues of immunology, embryonology. Helmholtz worked in the field of physiology, studied vision and hearing, and created an ophthalmoscope. Pirogov became a famous military surgeon because he used plaster casts and anesthesia. Mendel created the doctrine of heredity and variability.