The reaction of benzene with chlorine yielded 45 g of chlorobenzene. The resulting hydrogen chloride was

| April 30, 2021 | education

The reaction of benzene with chlorine yielded 45 g of chlorobenzene. The resulting hydrogen chloride was neutralized with a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 0.10. Determine the mass of sodium hydroxide solution consumed

Let’s find the amount of substance C6H5Cl.

n = m: M.

M (C6H5Cl) = 112.5 g / mol.

n = 45 g: 112.5 g / mol = 0.4 mol.

Let’s find the quantitative ratios of substances.

C6H6 + HCl = C6H5Cl + HCl.

For 1 mol of C6H5Cl, there is 1 mol of HCl.

Substances are in quantitative ratios 1: 1.

The amount of substance will be the same.

n (C6H5Cl) = n (HCl) = 0.4 mol.

NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H2O.

n (NaOH) = n (НСl) = 0.4 mol.

Let’s find the mass of NaOH.

M (NaOH) = 40 g / mol.

m = n × M.

m = 40 g / mol × 0.4 mol = 16 g.

W = m (substance): m (solution) × 100%, hence

m (solution) = (m (substance): W) × 100%.

m (solution) = (16 g: 10%) × 100% = 160 g.

Answer: 160 BC



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