Were there elements of democracy or monarchy in Novgorod?

Novgorod has been a republic for a long time. Since ancient times, democracy has been preserved there. The legislative, executive and judicial branches were under popular control. The Novgorod people’s veche was a democratic element. But there were also elements of aristocratic influence – the Council of Masters and the monarchical – in the Novgorod Republic there was always a prince, who, however, was mainly a military leader, rather than a political one. The veche had broad powers, it could summon a prince, judge him, appoint a tysyatskiy, mayor and bishop, could decide questions of war and peace, issue laws, and determine the amount of taxes. Thus, the power of the people was strong enough.



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