What are the features of communities of oak and pine forests?

Pine prefers light sandy soils. There is enough light in pine forests, but due to the lack of nutrients in the soil, their species composition is poor. In dry pine forests, the soil is covered with mosses and lichens, among which heather and some dry-loving herbs grow.

Oak forests are confined to soils rich in minerals. The species composition of the oak forest community is diverse: oak, linden, maple, elm, mountain ash, birch grow from trees; of the bushes, most often you can find hazel (hazel), forest honeysuckle, euonymus. The grass cover is also rich in species: rank, hoof, raven eye, runny, several types of bells, etc.