What are the reasons for the transition to a policy of mass collectivization?

The transition to a policy of mass collectivization was due to the need for a large-scale industrialization program. In the USSR, new branches of production were created from scratch, hydroelectric power stations, factories were built, and for this the country needed gold in order to purchase machinery and equipment abroad. Private farms were ineffective, grain procurement plans were repeatedly disrupted, because of which the country was on the verge of mass starvation. The creation of collective and state farms led to the impoverishment of the villagers, the siphoning of resources from the countryside, but the country carried out industrialization.