What economic and political reasons prompted the Europeans to search for new routes to the East?

There were many reasons for looking for new paths. In connection with the development of trade, it was necessary to look for ways to purchase the necessary goods with a minimum number of intermediaries. The danger of movement has grown due to constant attacks, robberies, and piracy. And also the main trade route was captured and controlled by the Arabs. At the same time, a need arose for more precious metals, and competition for domination between states intensified.