What environment is called soil and what are its features?

Soil habitat is a thin layer of land surface formed by the processing of living organisms. The main features of the soil are: the lack of light (decreases at depth), a limited amount of air (depends on the looseness of the soil), which is saturated with water vapor, rich in carbon dioxide, but poor in oxygen, an inconsistent level of moisture (depends on precipitation, groundwater occurrence, proximity to reservoirs). In general, the soil is more stable than the ground-air environment, for example, temperature fluctuations in it are less noticeable.