What is common in the life cycle of lycopods and horsetails with ferns?

Common in the life cycle of lycopods, horsetails and ferns:

– reproduce with the help of spores;
– asexual and sexual generations alternate;
– asexual generation is represented by a sporophyte — it is a leafy plant itself;
– sexual generation – gametophyte – an outgrowth on which germ cells are formed;
– a pre-growth grows from the spore, which looks like a string of algae;
– the pre-growth develops into an outgrowth – a small plate that lives independently of the sporophyte;
– the fusion of gametes occurs with the participation of water.



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