What is the name of the processes of destruction of rocks mainly on the earth’s surface?

The natural process of decomposition of surface rocks is called weathering. Several natural phenomena are involved in this process: wind, temperature drops, flowing water, ice, etc. Most often, the rock is influenced by several phenomena, for example, due to the heat, the matter expands, then at night it freezes sharply, and microcracks form in its structure. The wind encourages the ingress of water and other particles, the freezing of which enlarges the cracks, and so the rock breaks down into small particles over time.