What is the name of the processes of destruction of rocks mainly on the earth’s surface?

The natural process of decomposition of surface rocks is called weathering. Several natural phenomena are involved in this process: wind, temperature drops, flowing water, ice, etc. Most often, several phenomena affect the rock, for example, due to the heat, matter expands, then it freezes sharply at night, and microcracks form in its structure. The wind encourages the entry of water and other particles, the freezing of which widens the cracks, and so the rock breaks down into small particles over time.