What is the raw material for the production of antibiotics synthesized from?

The first antibiotic discovered by man is penicillin (obtained from the mold Penicillum). Now they use three main methods of obtaining antibiotics: 1) biological (a product synthesized by microorganisms); 2) semi-synthetic (microorganisms synthesize an antibiotic, which is further modified by chemical synthesis) – this is how a wide range of antibiotics is obtained; 3) synthetic (synthesized from chemical raw materials). Therefore, we can say that the raw materials for synthesis are microorganisms.