What kind of science was held in high esteem by the Arabs (Middle Ages)?

I suppose they were, at that time inextricably linked, mathematics and astronomy. The prominent Arab scientist Al-Batani introduced the concept of sine in his work on astronomy. Another prominent mathematician of the Arab world was Al-Khorezmi. Thanks to his works, one of the main branches of mathematical science arose – algebra. Not a small contribution to mathematics was made by a scientist from Egypt, known among the Europeans as Alhazen. He also became famous for his works on optics. Arab mathematicians, having learned about the Indian system of writing numbers, very quickly understood all its advantages, not only borrowed, but also passed on to the Europeans.