What methods of political struggle in the 16th and 17th centuries were in France, Germany, Italy,

What methods of political struggle in the 16th and 17th centuries were in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and Portugal, Austria, Political speech, the Scandinavian states

In the 17th century, all of these states were monarchies – countries ruled solely by the king. And therefore the only method of political struggle was the opportunity to enter the immediate circle of the sovereign and influence his decision by various methods. That is why several parties formed around any autocrat with varying degrees of success influencing him. But success depended on the personal attitude of the king to the members of a particular party, and therefore was very often unpredictable.



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