What points of view on the political structure of Europe existed in the 17th century?

What points of view on the political structure of Europe existed in the 17th century? which one was more consistent with the era of modern times?

In the 17th century, absolutism prevailed in most European states. That is, the unlimited power of monarchs. But, after during the Civil War in England in 1649. the representatives of parliament won and the power of the nascent bourgeoisie was strengthened, this process began to develop throughout Europe. This was facilitated by the development of the first manufactories and the development of industry in many countries. Supporters of absolute power resisted for a long time, but the influence of representatives of the bourgeoisie on politics and the economy became irreversible.