What processes of soil formation occur under conditions of excessive, sufficient and insufficient moisture?
Changes in the soil with an overabundance and sufficient moisture
Basically, an excess of moisture negatively affects the quality of the soil for the crop. Here are some proofs. The process of gelation begins to emerge in the soil. During this process, a lack of oxygen appears in the earth. When glue is formed, the soil layer can turn blue, blue or gray. Plants, like people, constantly need air for life. And with an excess of moisture, the soil cannot provide enough oxygen for plant roots. When there is a lot of water, it displaces oxygen and the place becomes waterlogged. Therefore, for most plants, such conditions will be detrimental. But there are exceptions: there are plants adapted for life in such conditions. For instance:
Swamp rose
Himalayan honeysuckle.
Meadowsweet, marigold.
Swamp Euphorbia.
Here are some plants that are edible: cucumber, cabbage. Cucumber also loves warmth, and it needs a lot of water due to the high liquid content in its composition (96%). Human beings also mostly consist of water (80%) and need it. Therefore, on average, a person cannot withstand more than 3 days without water, and 4-7 weeks can do without food.
Also, with an excess of moisture, the roots of plants can rot. For example, in citrus plants, the leaves begin to darken and fall off. In other plants, the leaves simply darken.
With enough moisture in the ground, humus accumulates: the plants receive a sufficient amount of trace elements and water.
Soil condition with a lack of moisture
When there is a lack of moisture in the soil, there is usually enough oxygen, but other bad things happen. For example, plants start to dry out due to lack of water. Since they mainly extract water with the help of roots from the ground. In our area, plants can simply dry out. In the desert, the plants are not so weak. In some desert shrubs, the roots reach 3-4 meters in depth: this helps them survive in such difficult conditions. For example, a cactus known to us: its lateral roots can reach 7 meters.
