What reagent can be used to distinguish propane from ethylene, imagine the equation

| July 2, 2021 | education

What reagent can be used to distinguish propane from ethylene, imagine the equation of the ongoing reaction and name the resulting product according to the systematic nomenclature, describe in detail the course of the experiment and the observed phenomena.

Propane is a saturated hydrocarbon with the structural formula CH3 – CH2 – CH3

Ethylene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing one multiple (double) bond between carbon atoms. Has the structural formula: CH2 = CH2.

Bromine water is a universal indicator of multiple bonds in hydrocarbons. When unsaturated hydrocarbons are passed through it, bromine water is discolored. Saturated hydrocarbons do not cause changes in the color of bromine water.

Reaction equation:

CH2 = CH2 + Br2 = CH2Br – CH2Br

As a result of ethylene bromination, 1,2-dibromoethane is formed

The course of the experiment.

A certain amount of bromine water is poured into one test tube. In the other – ethyl alcohol, to which concentrated sulfuric acid is added (the ratio of alcohol to acid is about 1: 3). The tube with a mixture of ethanol and sulfuric acid is tightly closed with a stopper with a gas outlet tube and heated carefully. The ethylene gas released as a result of the reaction is passed through bromine water. In this case, brown bromine water is gradually discolored.



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