What science studies the influence of the external environment on the development of traits

What science studies the influence of the external environment on the development of traits and properties of domestic animals and plants?

A science such as breeding studies methods of creating new breeds of animals, varieties of plants and strains of microorganisms necessary for humans, and methods for improving them. It is based on artificial selection, which selects the best or necessary traits and properties in animals and plants. Until the 17th century, a person did not think about the fact that he, selecting the most powerful, fertile, beautiful animals and plants, was engaged in selection. Man unconsciously changed plants and animals for the better for people. It was only with the development of genetics that the purposeful modification of animals and plants became available to society.