What was common in the development of the Czech Republic and Poland?

1. Both countries were inhabited by Western Slavs, Germans, Jews, there was no such close connection with the Turks, as in Russia or in the Balkans, or with the Arabs, as in Spain.

2. Catholicism. There were practically no Orthodox Christians there, and so were Muslims.

3. Statehood appeared at the end of the period of the early Middle Ages, in this they differ from France, for example.

4. Did not suffer from the raids of the steppe people and Arabs.

5. In the XIV-XV centuries, universities and printing houses appeared.

6. Did not take part in the great geographical discoveries.