What was the name of the most ancient group of people, what are its features?

The most ancient was the human herd. In such a herd there were about 10-30 individuals who lived together in a certain area. Their main occupation was gathering. That is, they looked for different berries and fruits, which was their main food. They used digging sticks and stones from tools. It took millions of more years of evolution for people to start grouping into communities and to have the gift of speech.