When did the water and windmill appear and became widespread? Which one appeared earlier?

When did the water and windmill appear and became widespread? Which one appeared earlier? Is the mill a technological invention of the Middle Ages or was it known before?

The answer to the last question is negative: mills were known to the ancient Romans. The water mill appeared earlier than the wind mill, as evidenced, in particular, by the testimony of ancient authors and archaeological finds of water wheels at the sites of the Vesuvius volcano eruption. Around the same time (the beginning of our era), Geron’s mention of the principle of a windmill is dated, but it was widely used only after a millennium by the Arabs, from whom the technology spread throughout the world.



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