Where and When did the English Parliament appear, for what purpose was the English Parliament established?

Where and When did the English Parliament appear, for what purpose was the English Parliament established? What strata of society participated, how were they arranged?

Parliament in England appeared in 1265, it was convened by Simon de Montfort. Since 1295, under Edward 1, the “Model Parliament” appears. Parliament was created to help the government in critical situations. This elected body consisted of two chambers. Aristocrats and clergy held meetings in one chamber, and in another – knights and townspeople. Not a single law could be passed without the consent of the two chambers. The parliament was in charge of the tax system in the country, was responsible for the military sphere, foreign policy, and the judicial system.