Which countries in the Middle Ages professed Catholicism and which Orthodoxy?

The division of the originally single Christian church into two autonomous and warring branches – Catholic and Orthodox – took place at the Council of Nicaea in 1054. The difference of faith was in the recognition of the spiritual authority of the popes. Until the beginning of the Reformation in 1516, this power was recognized by all of Western Europe, the Kingdom of Cyprus, Scandinavia, part of the Balkan peoples (Kingdom of Hungary, Croats), Czechs, Baltic peoples, Poles. Orthodox was the Byzantine Empire, Kievan Rus, which received baptism from the Byzantine clergy in 988, the Serbian principality, the Bulgarian kingdom, which included Montenegro and Macedonia.



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