Who suffered from the feudal fragmentation between England and France in the 11th century?

Feudal fragmentation did not allow states to develop. The king did not have the opportunity to collect taxes from the population, which did not allow replenishing the treasury. The king was considered the first among equals. Among the feudal lords, internecine wars were widespread, which weakened not only small principalities, but the entire country as a whole. It also hindered the development of trade, agriculture, because there was no single market in the country. This was the reason that the peasants and merchants wanted to create a centralized state.



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