Who was at the head of the Catholic Church in Western Europe?

In 1054 Christianity split into two branches. Some believers leaned towards Eastern traditions, while others – towards Western ones. During this period, two religions began to form: Catholicism and Orthodoxy. In the West, the Catholic Church dominated, and the Pope of Rome stood at its head. He performed all the functions of a religious leader. He crowned, could anathematize, collected taxes and church tithes, led the Inquisition and crusades. His residence was located in Rome. He also claimed supreme power.