Who was considered a citizen in Athens? what rights did an Athenian citizen have?

According to the law passed by Pericles in 451, anyone who was born to the mother and father of the Athenians was considered a citizen of Athens. Athenian citizenship was considered so honorable and beneficial that in the first 4 years after the adoption of the law, more than 5,000 people were sold into slavery for illegal attempts to arrogate to themselves citizenship. So only a citizen had the right to own land and real estate (the subsoil belonged exclusively to the state), and to receive free bread. And also take part in governing the state.