Why are the cells resulting from mitosis genetically identical to the mother cell?

During mitosis, a eukaryotic cell undergoes a carefully coordinated nuclear separation that results in the formation of two genetically identical daughter cells. Mitosis itself consists of five active stages or phases: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. However, before a cell can enter the active phases of mitosis, it must go through a period known as interphase, during which it grows and produces various proteins required for division. Then, at a critical point during interphase (called S-phase), the cell duplicates its chromosomes and ensures that its systems are ready for cell division.