Why did civilization emerge in the Ganges Valley only in the Iron Age?

The emergence of civilization on such fertile lands was quite late. There were all the prerequisites for the formation of the first states or agricultural crops in earlier periods. However, this did not happen. It is necessary to give several reasons for the late emergence of civilization:

* in the 3rd – 2nd millennium BC Dravidian tribes lived in the Ganges valley. This is the indigenous population of India. They had a primitive economy, hunting and gathering;
* From the 3rd millennium BC, Indo-European tribes began to penetrate into the Ganges valley. They came from the territory of present-day Siberia, Altai and Central Asia. Some waves of migration of future Europeans went west to Europe, while other related tribes moved south and reached India;
* the migration of tribes caused clashes with the local population, which was reflected in the sacred texts of the Vedas. But the higher level of development allowed the Indo-Europeans to oust the Indian tribes from the Ganges valley;
* only after the end of the struggle the first states were created there.

Thus, the emergence of civilization is associated with the arrived Indo-European tribes. They brought the rudiments of culture and created the first states.