Why did Ethiopia remain independent (19th century, Africa)?

1. Reform activity of the Negus Theodros II. Creation of a unified Ethiopian army, centralization of power in the hands of the Negus-emperor, reducing the role of local princes-feudal lords, banning the slave trade and comprehensively strengthening the state.

2. The defeat of England in the Anglo-Ethiopian War of 1867-1868. The British defeated the Ethiopian army in the first battles. but the guerrilla movement of the Ethiopian people in 1868 helped to expel the occupiers, who lost about 400 soldiers and officers in Ethiopia.