Why did Russia develop two cultures, noble and peasant? What was national in form and content?

The gap between the nobility and the peasantry became obvious with the coming to power of Peter 1. Under Peter 1, a new fashion was introduced for the nobles (French and German dresses, a ban on wearing a beard), which was similar to the European one, an opportunity to get a good education appeared. The innovations of Peter 1 did not apply to the peasants. This divided the two estates. The culture of the peasantry was national, because it did not undergo changes during the reign of Peter 1, it developed in an original way, and did not follow the path of European development.