Why did the process of modernization in the 19th century hardly touch the countries of the East?

The modernization of the 19th century is mainly associated with Europe (except for the periphery, for example, the Balkans and Portugal), as well as with North America. She did not touch the countries of the East for a number of reasons:

There were no prerequisites for modernization similar to European ones, for example, bourgeois revolutions, enlightened absolutism, universities, humanism, scientific and technical thought.
The power in the countries of the East was quite conservative. For example, in the Qing Empire (China) Korea and Japan until the 1860s adhered to a course of isolation from the outside world, and then they discovered their backwardness from Europe, for example, the Chinese during the Opium War.
A number of countries simply became colonies in the 19th century: Egypt, Vietnam, Burma.