Why do mosses and ferns need water for sexual reproduction, but not for flowering plants?

Mosses and ferns, in terms of reproduction, are very different from other plants (in particular, flowering). If flowering plants are spread with the help of seeds, usually enclosed in a nutritious fruit shell, then in bryophytes and ferns, spores play the main role in reproduction. Since there is no fruit around the spores, they are forced to receive nutrients from the external environment. Their spores can only be assimilated with the help of liquid. Fertilization cannot take place without water, therefore, the process of reproduction of ferns and mosses becomes impossible.



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