Why do organic substances have different functions?

Organic substances have different functions because they are specialized in performing specific tasks. Organic compounds always contain carbon along with other elements that are necessary for the functioning of living organisms. Carbon is a key element because it has four electrons in its outer electron shell, which can contain eight electrons. As a result, it can form many types of bonds with other carbon atoms and elements such as hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. Hydrocarbons and proteins are good examples of organic molecules that can form long chains and complex structures. The organic compounds made up of these molecules are the basis for chemical reactions in plant and animal cells – reactions that provide energy for finding food, for reproduction, and for all other processes necessary for life.