Why in the fourth century BC did the Macedonian kings manage to mend the city-states of Greece and conquer the Persian kingdom?

There are several reasons for this state of affairs:
1) The Macedonian kings possessed great power and ambition;
2) King Philip 2 was able to create a new branch of the army – the Macedonian phalanx, which was one of the most formidable troops in ancient times;
3) The outstanding abilities of the Macedonian commanders made it possible to defeat the Persian troops.



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