Why is exact copying of genetic information necessary for protein biosynthesis? What reactions ensure its implementation?

| April 6, 2021 | education

1) Protein consists of amino acids, the sequence of which, in turn, is recorded in the messenger (or messenger) RNA. Its sequence is encoded in DNA.

2) The process of synthesizing mRNA along one of the DNA strands is called transcription. In this case, the nucleotides are replaced by complementary ones.

3) The assembly of the polypeptide chain occurs with the help of ribosomes, to which the required amino acids are delivered by tRNA. This process is called broadcast. Information about which amino acid is needed in a particular place is recorded in codons (a group of three mRNA nucleotides).

4) Substitution, rearrangement or loss of even one nucleotide will lead to the fact that another amino acid will be delivered to the site of protein assembly. As a result, the protein will be defective and, at best, will not perform its function, at worst, it will lead to unpredictable consequences (for example, a disease).



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