Why was Napoleon unable to conquer Russia?

In 1812, Napoleon counted on a quick strategic victory over the Russian army, in connection with which he tried in every possible way to bring the time of the general battle closer. At the same time, his army was not designed for a long and protracted campaign, where winter would have fettered the movement of his troops. But one way or another, the campaign nevertheless dragged on for many months, which in turn resulted in the loss of the army due to hunger, cold and constant partisan raids.