Write down the equation of reactions: a) starch → maltose → glucose → ethyl alcohol → ethyl acetate → sodium acetate;

Write down the equation of reactions: a) starch → maltose → glucose → ethyl alcohol → ethyl acetate → sodium acetate; b) cellulose → glucose → ethyl alcohol → butadiene-1,3 → butadiene rubber; c) carbon dioxide → starch → glucose → ethyl alcohol → acetaldehyde → acetic acid → triacetyl cellulose.

Starch, splitting under the action of water (hydrolysis), forms maltose.
With further hydrolysis, maltose is broken down to glucose.
Glucose undergoes alcoholic fermentation, ethanol is formed and carbon dioxide is released.
C6 H12O6 = 2 C2H5OH + 2CO2.

4. Ethanol, reacting with acetic acid, form ethyl acetate (ethyl acetate).

Ethyl ester of acetic acid reacts with alkali to form a salt – sodium acetate and ethanol.
B)

1. Cellulose undergoes hydrolysis to form glucose. The reaction takes place in the presence of sulfuric acid.

Glucose undergoes splitting (alcoholic fermentation). Ethanol and carbon dioxide are formed.
Ethanol at a temperature of 450 0 C and in the presence of catalysts (aluminum and zinc oxides) is converted into butadiene -1.3, while the reaction proceeds with the elimination of water and hydrogen molecules).
Butadiene undergoes a polymerization reaction – the reaction of sequential addition of hydrocarbon molecules to each other due to the breaking of an unsaturated bond.
Butadiene rubber is formed.

V).

1.In the process of photosynthesis, glucose is formed from carbon dioxide and water in the light, which then turns into starch.

General equation.

6 n CO2 + 5n H2O = (C6 H10O5) n + 6 nO2.

Glucose undergoes alcoholic fermentation, ethanol is formed and carbon dioxide is released.
C6 H12O6 = 2 C2H5OH + 2CO2.

Ethanol is oxidized to acetaldehyde.
Acetic aldehyde is oxidized by an ammoniacal solution of silver oxide (“silver mirror” reaction) to acetic acid.
Cellulose in the presence of sulfuric acid and acetic acid is converted to cellulose triacetate.